Who Am I

Australia, whose name is Bianca. I am currently 1 6 years of age. I have very strong opinions on many things and I like to debate people on what I believe is right. Sometimes that gets me into a lot of trouble but I stick to what I believe in the end. What defines me is my sense of knowing do belong. I am who I am, I am unique and different and I now that, that is okay, because everyone is unique and different too.I see myself as a bubbly person, who tends to keep her deeper thought and feelings to herself. Sometimes I'm insecure, sometimes I let little things hurt me, sometimes worry about petty little issues that won't matter in the next 10 years but that is just who I am now. Many life experiences have defined the person who I am today, and for that I am grateful.Although not all of hose experiences have been good, they have all been a learning experience for me and have helped shape the person I have become today. I wouldn't change anything I have experienced because I would be a different person. I wouldn't be as strong, as open to new things, wouldn't be as spontaneous, and I just wouldn't be me. Everything little thing every little stepping stone, every little bump has made me the person I am today and I am so proud of that. Who Am I Elegy/Repetition Who Am I Jennifer Leaf Who am I Don't know what to think Living every day Like It's the first 5 How could it get any worse About life They told me to Just Hold on tight 10 Lost and out of control Don't know who or where to turn Will they Just watch me burn 15 to afraid to fall Or am I afraid to loose it all Deniable, completely insane Will I ever find my way Will ever be the same Falling Down the drain Will I ever be someone 26 Or will I Just go out and run Day in And day out Don't know where to go 30 Every day Every night Trying to see the light All I know isWho I could be 35 It's all like a dream to 20 I want to scream and shout Don't know why I'm yelling out Who am 1 40 And I want to scream and shout There is no doubt about it Because I don't Know anymore 45 Too afraid to find life Through the darkness That I fight 50 Will I ever see the light Don't know where to turn to Don't know where to go I did, but now 55 I Just don't know to afraid to back down Vive been fi ghting all my life But now it's time to say goodbye but I will try to find my own light I will try to shine 60 â€Å"Who Am l† is an intensified poem about the question we all ask ourselves everyday our whole lives.Everyone does one of two things, accept the fact that they simply do not know or, pretend that they do. Life is full of questions that we cannot completely answer, Just ponder our entire lives. Within this poem, the phrase, who am l, is constantly repeated. This poem is an elegy, mourning the lost life and the answer to the question asked throughout the poem. The phrase reoccurring in the poem emphasizes the question everyone asks themselves and the question most think they know the answer to. No one can entirely know who they are and what the future might bring.As a result of really not knowing, they pretend they do. â€Å"Don't know who I am/ I did, but now/ I Just don't know (49-51). Or, if they do not pretend they know who they are, they try to be someone else because there life is not written in stone. For some, they might go absolutely insane trying to find the truth behind the unanswerable question. Who am I There is no doubt about it (35-38). The repetition gives the poem an intense look on life and shows signs of confusion, frustration, and anger. The passion in increased in every stanza due to the fact that he speaker keeps on repeating those three words.This allows the reader to imagine that the person in trapped in her own mind, that is about to explode, with no way out. With this repetition, the reader can see the pain in the speaker's words and how made her give up on everything else and is slowly eating her inside and killing her. She has one last attempt at trying to save herself by saying she can shine no matter what, but those three words enforce a tragic ending to her dark story. The elegy aspect of this poem is the loss of herself. The speaker Just gave up on life ND on herself and pities herself because she does not know who she is.The speaker does not realize that no one does and she will never know. Who am I Vive been fighting all my life But now it's time to say goodbye (57-60). The speaker has given up on life because she cannot face the world as an outcast anymore. She need something to be proud of, something to believe in, something to fight for. She does not have the will to keep going like a shadow lurking through the night. Due to the fact that the three words, who am I is slowly annihilating her, the elegy is mainly found in the repetition.She cannot escape from this tragic death and by the last two lines, you know she can no longer fight it and her death is mourned. Her pride and dignity are lost every time those three words are said and that is additionally mourned. Here lies the pride, dignity, and life of the speaker of the poem, she will be missed. I wrote this poem because self-influence and the influence of others is one of the most powerful things. The words in the poem show how b y wasting your life trying to answer and unanswerable question, you are leading ourselves into a trap that you cannot escape.These words can consume anyone and you can lead yourself to your own fatal end. By convincing yourself you have nothing to live for, you are blinding yourself from the truth behind the ever-so convincing lie. This poem is meant to have people believe in themselves and their capabilities and instead of trying to answer who you are as a person, embrace the mystery and be the best person you can be. â€Å"Who Am l† tells the world to fight for what you believe in, because there is always something to believe in. Who Am I â€Å"Who Am I† My name is and I will be telling you a little bit about my Background, interests, goals, and achievements. I am currently a junior at with my family of six which consists of my dad, mom, two younger brothers, and dog. I was born in a little town called Brownwood, Texas and moved to Illinois when I was 6 years old. Some of my interest vary for example I am an avid watcher of old television shows such as the Walton’s and threes company.Another one of my interests is listening to music my favorite type of genre of music is country and rock some of my favorite artist include Jason Aldean, Blake Shelton, The Eagles, Led Zeppelin, and Lynyrd Skynyrd. Some of my goals that I hope to accomplish in the near future are attending the college of my choice, becoming a successful person in life and becoming a lawyer. Growing up as a child and until now, (My young adulthood) it has been mine and my parents dream for me to become a lawyer.I have decided to become a lawy er because I have always been fascinated with law, helping others with their problems, and the justice system. I have achieved many goals in my life my top achievements are graduating middle school, getting my driver’s license, and doing better in school. But I feel that getting my driver’s license is my greatest accomplishment of all because after getting my driver’s license I felt that I was in the stage of growing up and entering adulthood. I feel that my Background, goals, achievements, and interests all represent who I am and what I stand for. Who Am I â€Å"Who Am I† My name is and I will be telling you a little bit about my Background, interests, goals, and achievements. I am currently a junior at with my family of six which consists of my dad, mom, two younger brothers, and dog. I was born in a little town called Brownwood, Texas and moved to Illinois when I was 6 years old. Some of my interest vary for example I am an avid watcher of old television shows such as the Walton’s and threes company.Another one of my interests is listening to music my favorite type of genre of music is country and rock some of my favorite artist include Jason Aldean, Blake Shelton, The Eagles, Led Zeppelin, and Lynyrd Skynyrd. Some of my goals that I hope to accomplish in the near future are attending the college of my choice, becoming a successful person in life and becoming a lawyer. Growing up as a child and until now, (My young adulthood) it has been mine and my parents dream for me to become a lawyer.I have decided to become a lawy er because I have always been fascinated with law, helping others with their problems, and the justice system. I have achieved many goals in my life my top achievements are graduating middle school, getting my driver’s license, and doing better in school. But I feel that getting my driver’s license is my greatest accomplishment of all because after getting my driver’s license I felt that I was in the stage of growing up and entering adulthood. I feel that my Background, goals, achievements, and interests all represent who I am and what I stand for.

Marks and Spencer Overview

An overview of Marks & Spencer plc Marks & Spencer (M&S) is a leading British retailer, with over 895 stores in over 41 countries around the world. As of 2009, 600 stores currently located throughout the United Kingdom along with 295 stores planted internationally (M&S 2009). According to Deloitte (2009) M&S is the largest clothing retailer in the United Kingdom, as well as being an exclusive food retailer and as of 2009, the 43rd largest retailer in the world.The large majority of its domestic stores sell both clothing and food, and since the turn of the century it has started expanding into other ranges such as homewares, furniture and technology. Figure 1 illustrates M&S’s overall sales in millions from the years 2005 – 2009. The graph trend shows a gradual increase in turnover every year. By the end of 2009 M&S revenue reaches 9,062. 1 million compared to 2005 revenue of 7,490. 5 million. A difference of ? 1571. 6 Data taken from M&S 2009. Figure 1: M&S Sales (2005-2009) Figure 2 represents the operating profit of M&S.There is a steady rise in the growth of sales from 2005 to 2008. However in the year 2009 there is a decline in the growth of sales. This is fairly due to the economic recession resulting in less economical activity. M&S prices would have risen resulting in a decline in demand for their products and services. Data taken from M&S 2009. Figure 2: M&S Sales growth (2005-2009) Figure 3 displays the two primary categories of business for M&S. Food as a whole and all other products falling under house hold products. Both areas of business are equally important as they hold a near perfect hare of the business. Data taken from M&S 2009. 51% 49% Figure 3: M&S main business areas Business strengths and weaknesses: M&S has grown over the 21st and it is arguable that the company has moved from strength to strength. M&S are strong in many dynamics ranging from a political ly, economically and highly strategic company. One major strength of M&S is its emerging image of an active environmentally friendly company. On 15 January 2007, M&S launched an initiative, known as ‘Plan A’ (M&S, 2009) to dramatically increase the environmental sustainability of the business within 5 years.In 2006 the Look Behind the Label marketing campaign was introduced. The aim of this campaign was to highlight to customers, the various ethical and environmentally friendly aspects, of the production and sourcing methods engaged in by M&S including Fairtrade products and sustainable fishing. As indicated by A. Fletcher (2006) all coffee and tea sold in M&S stores is now Fairtrade. According to the BBC (2006) the company offers clothing lines made from Fairtrade Cotton in selected departments.This aspect of M&S emphasises the equality and fairness to the public and helps promote its products to certain groups in the market who would not previo usly purchase their products for this specified reason. Although M&S is a highly recognised and established company it has fallen under heavy criticism in the past. War on Want (2007) criticised M&S, in its Growing Pains report for using its influence to force overseas suppliers to continuously diminish their costs while boosting their own profits. Political issues have also arisen, the company has been criticised for its support for the State of Israel during wars and conflict.According to J. Smith (2004) activists have campaigned against the company and some stores have had their signage altered and their goods re-labelled. As a result boycotts have taken place with little effect on M&S sales and profits yet this has led to a disruption in social cohesion of society demonstrate through protests. Development of new products and services: Most (M&S, 2009) stores originally sold both clothing and food, and since the turn of the century it has started expanding into ot her ranges such as homewares, furniture and technology, beauty and energy.The Indigo collection (M&S, 2009) is a new range of clothing aimed at the core, 35-45, feminine businesswoman type. The shoes, trousers and jeans will be UK-sourced and the T-shirts will involve Fair trade cotton from Senegal, India and Pakistan. Beachwear may be added to the list if the success continues. Per Una, also a relatively new product for younger female's clothing sold at M;amp;S stores. The product was launched on September 28, 2001 as a joint venture between M;amp;S and Next. All per Una items include the three hearts logo.The BBC (2005) states Per Una has been a major success for the company. In 2006 (M;amp;S, 2009) launched a range of domestic technology products. Thirty-six stores now offer this range. Additional services offered include television installation and technical help. Competitors: M;amp;S does not have any one store that is a complete competitor in terms of products and services . Supermarkets such as Tesco, Asda and Sainsburys compete with M;amp;S to a certain extent, primarily in the food industry. Marks ;amp; Spencer is predominantly a clothing store which obtains most of the company’s profit.Yet due to the significant product differentiation, M;amp;S competes with many companies for example Cotton Traders are a competitor in their clothes, John Lewis competes in their home accessories whereas Waitrose competes in food. As a result M;amp;S have to constantly innovate and outsource to stay competitive in the market and dominate. Marketing Strategies: By training and developing its staff well, M;amp;S is in a position to develop a competitive advantage over its competitors Firstly, developing value-for-money products that customers want.Training and development brings new skills which help to add value to its products and services, for example by cutting costs. This enables the company to keep prices lower to benefit the customer and increase consum er demand leading to profit in the long run. M;amp;S provides good customer service through communication skills, this can have a positive impact on customer service. Training and development equips individuals with the skills they need to achieve their targeted role in the business.When Steve Sharp joined as marketing director in 2004, he introduced a new promotional brand under the Your M;amp;S banner, with a corresponding logo. This has now become the company's main brand in its advertisements. The use of high profile television campaigns has been influential in the company's recent success, particularly with the achievements of a new clothing campaign featuring high profile models, and the new TV ad campaign for its food range. These adverts have the tagline ‘This is not just food, this is M;amp;S food’.Furthermore the use of camera special effects and footage along with music and a pleasant voiceover leads to a very persuasive advertisement. A new store format desi gned by Urban Salon Architects has won much praise and is in the process of being rolled out across all stores, with a majority of stores being completed by the end of 2008. The full new look makeover is a reworking of store design, including the gutting of old stores. An increase in display and product walls, window display styles, larger fitting rooms, glass walls, till points, and general total updating of decals, equipment, and lighting.

Breeding Thourghbred Racing Horses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Breeding Thourghbred Racing Horses - Essay Example ing of thoroughbred horses is a highly intricate and technical matter and a breeder’s success is measured by lesser failure rate as compared to others. Only a handful of winning horses can be produced from hundreds of crosses during a lifetime. Although the qualities of both the mare and the stallion may be exceptional, genetic variations result in offsprings which are not necessarily as good as their parents. Traditional breeding art has to be combined with the modern knowledge of population as well as molecular genetics. Some basic genetic philosophies which are pertinent to the development of a good breed include careful inbreeding structuring to obtain a balance between genetic health and performance, coordination of genetic components for a specific stamina ideal and ‘fixing’ of genetic characteristics using appropriate breeding programs (thorughbredgenetics.com). DNA based analyses of databases can determine whether horses will conform to required ideals in terms of racing potential and stamina. However winners don’t necessarily come from champion parents and exceptions have been there where champions have resulted from uncontrolled breeding. Training of the horses is another aspect which is important in making champions out of ordinary thoroughbreds with none too illustrious bloodlines. Although thoroughbreds are judged more by performance rather than looks, attractive horses have additional advantages in terms of aesthetic appeal. Single trait selection is much easier while developing a breed as compared to an endeavor where multiple positive traits are attempted. Bays and Chestnuts are the most common colors in thoroughbreds although there have been concerted efforts to breed pintos and palominos to make the horses have more visual appeal. The Quarter Horse Association is responsible for breeding paints and Appaloosas, which have characteristic spotting and color patterns, which were initially scoffed at by traditional breeders. Quarter and

An indepth study of themes and motifs, notable directors and key Essay

An indepth study of themes and motifs, notable directors and key players in French New Wave movement - Essay Example But it is always argued the Canne's is not a festival but a screening of films that will be made available to public. In addition, there are too many film fests where people can feast their eyes on such as Rencontres Internationales d'Art Contemporain from June to July. In the towns of Paris, there is also Crteil celebrated on from March to April. The La Ciotat which is also called as silent film gets to be seen in July. The Reims or thriller movies have their place from October to November. All these make up and add up color to the film business in France. (1) In addition to this, French people also value not just the contemporary movies but also the old ones. Old movies or the valued films are kept in Paris Archives du Film which has the largest collection of silent and old movies in the world. It can be remembered that in the year 1992, they launched a program which aims to transfer the pre-1960 collection of movies to acetate to keep from rotting or disintegration and the program itself cost 17 million franc equivalent to 2.5 million euro. (1) It can be remembered that cinema, being considered as a French invention is regarded to be one of France's valuables and it has indeed a high regard from artists, old and contemporary. It can be traced back in the year 1985 when the Lunmiere Brothers matched photography with the amazing lantern show that was shown first in the Lyon using crackly images. It gave the image of a train leaving factory where the audience reacted by ducking for cover. That was the first sign of the power of image through cinema. Post World War I avant-garde artists immediately took advantage of this so called masterpiece and the obvious product of this taking advantage of the visual potential are in the persons Jean Cocteau through "Blood of a Poet in 1930 and La Belle's "Beauty and the Beast" in 1945. Director Robert Bresson also continued the said art even after World War II. (1) This was followed by the movement of the famous Gerges Melies who mastered the special effects through the adaptation of Voyage of the Moon by Jules Verne and it was considered as part of the mainstream in the year 1902. Then the French movies became known all of a sudden due to the New Wave Movement which owes its name to Nouvelle Vague in the 1960s. Vage is a post-war director was himself awed in the Les Quatre cents Coups in 1959 by Jean Claude Truffaut and Alain Resnais who created the Hiroshima Mon Amour. This was followed by the morally controversial films of Erich Rohmer where more scandalous and erotic topics followed, specifically from the director Roger Vadim. But this didn't continue due to a life and moral-saving films with good narratives from Jean-Luc Godard in 1960 with his film Breathless. It was also the same time when sexy French stars came out of the masterpieces like Brigitte Bardot and Alain Delon. Bardot starred in the Movie And God Created a Woman. (1) Then there is also the considerable late New Wave era from tehe 70's to the early 90's. It is the time when actor Gerard Depardieu came in to the scene and his career started in 1965 and he first became known through the movie Martin Guirre in 1981. This was followed by Danton in 1983 and Jean de Floretta in 1985. A new pool of directors came about in

Contemporary Responses By The Criminal Justice System Towards Victims Essay

Contemporary Responses By The Criminal Justice System Towards Victims And Witnesses Of Crime - Essay Example The accuracy, quality and quantity of the evidence provided by the victims or the witnesses play a crucial role in developing the case and the ultimate outcome of the investigations (Davis et al., 2007). This paper evaluates if the criminal justice system agents need to take into account the background and perspectives of the victims or the witnesses. It discusses the related research background and evaluates available evidence on the importance of including the witness background and perspectives. It starts with a discussion on sensitivity to emotive and cognitive processing style, expectations and ethnic perspectives of witnesses. A large amount of research and scholarly work has been undertaken on the subject of criminal justice system’s sensitivity (or lack of it) toward the victims or the witnesses. This ‘sensitivity’ is, however, studied from the point of view of the victims or the witnesses. The underlying theme is that the criminal justice system officials may inadvertently indulge in a further ‘victimization’ of the witnesses/victims during their investigations (Goodey, 2005). This is attributed to a plausible lack of empathy with the witness and the focus of the officials on getting the crime solved (Mawby and Walklate, 1994). As such, much research has gone into developing programs for educating the criminal justice system agents in being humane, patient and empathic to the victims (Lamb et al., 2008).For example, a research by Bollingmo, Wessel,   Eilertsen and Magnussen (2008) found that police officers tend to undermine the credibility of victims’ accounts if the victim appears to be calm and controlled and does not look harassed or desperate. However, it is more of a personality issue that some people may remain relatively calm under duress while others may become desperate with even little discomfort (Maguire and Pointing, 1988). But the investigating officers’

The Tragic Sense of Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Tragic Sense of Life - Essay Example makes it move towards faith which readily offers immortality and meaning, a sense of immortality that is vulnerable to doubt, yet, at the same time richly endowed with meaning and hope. It is this mutual contradiction of these two ideas, one ensuing from objectivity and the other from faith is the eventual source of life’s unity. In a broader context, both these ideas, complement and complete each other. It is the sense of annihilation ensuing from a scientific objectivity that moves the humanity towards faith, and the doctrines of faith, though seeming mystical, ambiguous and vague ultimately does have the power to move the men to act in a way that actually makes people think that these doctrines if not true, ought to be true. That death, if it is the eventual destiny of man, is a destiny that is undeserved and unjust. Unamuno boldly declares that â€Å"We think because we live (157).† However, by ‘thinking’ here, Unamuno does not mean what most men consider thinking to be. For truly speaking, in case of most of the individuals, thoughts are nothing, but a pretext for justifying their actions to oneself and others. Nudged to act by their innate, basic and primordial instincts, they present thoughts as a sophisticated veneer to cover up the essential senselessness and vagueness of their actions, or rather to project some sort of a meaning over their actions. Yet, the shallowness of their thoughts is evinced the minute there start to appear chinks in their adopted or professed doctrines, taking a heavy tool of their belief in the very integrity of their actions. By ‘thinking’ Unamuno means that an innate belief, which embraces both the impermanence indicated by logic and the immortality offered by faith and proceeds to act irrespective of the inherent contradiction of these two ideas, confident that the very character of the actions engendered by this belief while resolve this contradiction and endow life with a meaning. Doing so, Unamuno places upside

Brand Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Brand Analysis - Essay Example Nike was started in the early 1960s when Phillip Knight, the Chief Executive Officer and William Bowerman, partnered to develop a coach’s idea of manufacturing products that would help to improve the consumers’ performance, who were athletes, on the track (Coucha, 2011). Nike ventured into it with the promise to make possible â€Å"authentic, athletic performance† with their shoes (Schmidt & Chris, 2002). That became their brand promise. The brand image that Nike initially launched was purely an American emblem, associated with high performance, aggressive and innovative top male athletes. These athletes were considered achievers, in line with what Nike intended to present to the consumers (Coucha, 2011). In delivering their product related promise, Nike joined the growing aerobics arena which was influencing the design of shoes towards being more fashionable, albeit less durable. Although other manufacturers were using garments to manufacture shoes for the aerob ics market, Nike stuck to leather, which was more long lasting but considered less fashionable (Kunde, 2002). As part of extending their non tangible promise, Nike took to the corporate scene by embracing the global social responsibility. Initially, it was a reaction to public oppositions relating to their labor practices in Asia. To salvage their image, they changed their corporate labor strategy, campaigning to be the industry leader in worker relations. They refurbished their factories and improved the working conditions on their premises in Asia. Compensation packages for labor were raised and new global standards applied. They created a Corporate Responsibility Division to reflect their intention to care for the ‘World family of Nike† (Schmidt & Chris, 2002). A brand’s perception and recognition are considerably influenced by its visual presentation. For effective visual brand identity to be achieved, the use of particular and consistent visual elements is cr itical (Schmidt & Chris, 2002). To create a distinction, a logo, colors, fonts, and graphic elements are used. In terms of visual identity, Nike’s logo of the â€Å"swoosh† is outstanding and easy to remember by consumers. Globally, there is a 97% recognition and awareness for the Nike logo and brand (Coucha, 2011). This is further propelled by associating themselves with athletic celebrities with similar personalities as the Nike brand. Examples include Michael Jordan the basketball hero and Michael Johnson the sprinter. For the purpose of increasing their relevance in the European market, Nike began associating themselves with famous European sports personalities while maintaining their criteria of selecting names that matched the Nike personality of super achievers. Such names included Eric Cantona and Roberto Mandeni. They also sponsored local, European teams like Borussia Dortmund and Paris saint Germain. This had an appeal that made them a household name in Europ e (Holt, 2004). Advertising strategies were customized to reflect the similarities of European countries with the United States as a means of dealing with the diverse culture differences. As compared to Adidas, the German giants, Nike portrays a more self expressive and emotional personality in its brand image. This gives for a challenging, hardworking and winning mentality with a focus on

Which aspects of McDonald's organisational culture are considered to Dissertation - 1

Which aspects of McDonald's organisational culture are considered to be strong compared to competitors - Dissertation Example Organizational culture is a topic that is well-studied, and it basically means that organizations have a certain set of values and beliefs that are unique to that organization. Because culture needs to be spread, and there must be a method for this method to spread, this is a topic of consideration and is the focus of this paper. In particular, a vision is something that permeates organizations and, if this vision is positive and committed to by the employees of the company, the vision can make the organization great. This vision thus guides the organization, and underpins the culture. Another variable is that of leadership, as leadership has a great effect on organizational culture. Toxic leaders may lead to toxic work environments, so the organizational culture would be adversely affected. Conversely, effective leaders may lead to effective teams, and this would positively affect the organizational culture. The different kinds of leaders, and how these leaders operate, is another f ocus of this paper. Lastly, since McDonald’s is a multinational corporation, the concept of cultural distance must be touched upon. This is another focus. The results sections will extrapolate the data that was found on McDonald’s and relate this data to the information presented in the literature review. Hence, it can be shown why McDonald’s is the dominant player in the fast food market around the world. The literature review is divided into four sections – literature regarding organizational culture in general, followed by literature regarding vision, literature regarding leadership, and literature regarding cultural distance. The research section is next, and describes the kind of research undertaken, which is secondary research, and how the particular topic was researched. Next comes the results, which are tied into the literature found in the literature review. A conclusion tying it all together concludes the paper. Literature Review The Meaning of Organizational Culture Organizational culture is â€Å"the coding of values and deeply-held beliefs that mold an organization's decision patterns, guide its actions, and drive individual behavior† (Dauphinais & Price, 1998, p. 190). An organizational culture is made up of patterns of belief that are rooted in the values, norms and informal activities of the organization (Ivancevich et al., 2008, p. 503). Both members and outsiders are cognizant of a particular organization’s culture, as the organization makes its organizational culture visible (Dauphinais & Price, 1998, p. 190). At the same time, because it is comprised of beliefs, values and attitudes, all intangible qualities, it is subtle and invisible. The culture may be either beneficial or destructive. If based upon a positive vision, which is discussed below, the cultural organization is beneficial to the organization. Alternatively, if the belief system upon which the organizational culture is based is flawed, and does not fit the vision, then it can be destructive and will drive the organization on to mediocrity, not greatness. Moreover, the organizational culture is often driven by the bottom up, as opposed to top down, according to Dauphinais & Price, as the ways that the broad masses of the organization behave dictates the culture of the organization. Therefore, the organizational culture may be created by rewards, measures and â€Å"carefully structured people practices† Vision as a Part of Organizational Culture Part of the organizational culture is the vision that permeates throughout the organization, especially if the organization is strong and is able to have a shared vision. According to Senge (1990), a shared vision is vital for a successful company and should be one of the top priorities. The company’s vision is one to which the people of the organization must commit themselves. Yet, the successful company also realizes that there are thousands of individual vis ions for the companies, or, in the case of McDonald’s, millions of different visions, as each employee may have their

A nursing role, professional issue, or scope of practice Research Paper

A nursing role, professional issue, or scope of practice - Research Paper Example It is clearly evident that nursing roles majorly advocate for the care of the general population in terms of health. This paper will discuss the nursing role according to the specifications provided. Nursing is simply a profession that deals with the care of individuals, communities, and the general population. The main aim of nursing is to ensure that the individual attains optimal health. From a healthcare perspective, nurses can be acknowledged on the basis of the scope of their work and training. According to the American Nurses Association, nursing roles can be classified according to protection, optimization, and promotion of quality health (Adams, Bailey, Anderson, & Docherty, 2011). Some of the most prevalent roles performed by the nurses include mitigation and prevention of illnesses through treatment and diagnosis of human responses. Nursing roles are majorly controlled by the principles of medicine. Registered nurses have a wide array of basic duties that they perform (Adams, Bailey, Anderson & Docherty, 2011). The most basic duties include educating and treating patients, providing advice to the general public, and educating the public concerning a variety of medical conditions. In addition, the nurses are also liable for recording patients’ symptoms and medical precedents, performing tests, and analyzing diagnostic results, administering medication, operating medical machinery, and carrying out follow-ups for the patients. Nurses engage in a wide spectrum of activities. Therefore, they have expanded roles (Adams, Bailey, Anderson & Docherty, 2011). Nurses can be identified as caregivers, teachers, counselors, researchers, and client advocates. This asserts that nurses are capable of initiating several roles in their career life. Research shows that nurses are responsible for schooling the public concerning the management of certain illnesses. They

MySpace and Facebook Essay Example for Free

MySpace and Facebook Essay I think that stalking is possibly one of the scariest forms of abuse there is. Both men and women are capable of stalking but I think that in most cases it is a male stalking a female. There are many reasons why one person stalks another. I believe the most common reason is because of anger and humiliation. When one person breaks off a relationship with another it often causes conflicting feelings which may turn a person into a desperate stalker. I believe that the longer and more intimate a relationship was the higher chance for stalking and dangerous behavior. I think another big reason why a person will turn into a stalker is because they simply cannot accept that their former partner has moved on and is dating other people. I agree that cyber stalking has become a problem and I think cyber stalking will continue to increase since so many people use computers. The case of the 13 year old girl who committed suicide because of cyber stalking is sad and shocking. I know from experience that teenagers can be quite cruel to one another but this young girl experienced extreme bullying by an adult who should have known better. I strongly believe that the ultimate responsibility for the safety of children on the computer falls to the parents. Parents are responsible for ensuring the safety of their children at all times – including who they talk to and what sites they visit on the internet. In this case it was the parent doing the harassing and terrorizing which is what makes this case so nauseating. Social sites such as MySpace and Facebook make it very easy for teenagers to form cyber relationships with one another. This isn’t necessarily a bad thing as long as parents supervise and children behave appropriately. However, I think cyber stalking is going to continue to increase since so many teenagers use these types of sites and their parents have no idea who they talk to or what they talk about. I think the case of the 13 year old girl who killed herself should open the eyes of parents so that they can prevent something tragic like this from happening again.

Social Impact of Cybercrime

Social Impact of Cybercrime Cyber criminals take full advantage of the anonymity, secrecy and interconnectedness provided by the Internet, therefore attacking the very foundations of our modern information society. Cyber crime can involve botnets, computer viruses, cyber bullying, cyber stalking, cyber terrorism, cyber pornography, Denial of Service attacks, hacktivism, identity theft, malware and spam. Law enforcement officials have struggled to keep pace with cyber criminals, who cost the global economy billions annually. Police are attempting to use the same tools cyber criminals use to perpetrate crimes in an effort to prevent those crimes and bring the guilty parties to justice. This essay begins by defining cyber crime, and then moves to a discussion of its economic and social impacts. It continues with detailed excursions into cyber bullying and cyber pornography, two especially representative examples of cyber crime today, and concludes with a discussion of ways to curtail the spread of cyber crime. Computer-related misdeed designated days back to the sources of computing itself, though the larger connectivity between computers through the Internet has conveyed the notion of cyber misdeed into the public consciousness of our data humanity, where it continues at the start of the 21st century. In 1995, when the World Wide Web was in its very early phases of development, futurist Gene Stephens composed about the present and future truth of cyber misdeed then made some predictions: Billions of dollars in deficiency have currently been discovered. Billions more have gone undetected. Trillions will be thieved, most without detection, by the appearing expert lawless individual of the twenty-first 100 years the cyberspace offender (Stephens, 1995, p. 24). Reflecting on his propositions in a 2008 item, Stephens documented that he and other ones foresaw much of the cyber misdeed to come: I rightly outlook an blast of mobile telephone time robbery and telephone fraud; expanded cyber attacks and deception contrary to government and business; huge borrowing business card robbery and fraud; interior robbery of clients persona by financially laboring and/or hungry economic service employees; more cyber porn, cyber stalking, cyber harassment, and cyber vengeance; and the use of biometrics and encryption as procedures of defending facts and numbers in cyberspace (Stephens, 2008, p. 33). Media accounts since the 1990s have documented the numerous procedures by which lawless individuals have utilized the Internet to consign crimes. Cyber thieves have become accomplished at utilizing the anonymity and secrecy of the Internet to defraud their victims of their cash, their calm of brain and really even their lives. When victims let their guard down by muting a wholesome skepticism and caution, cyber misdeed takes place. As one FBI representative documented, The scammer endeavors to prey on victims who are kind of in melody with whats going on in the world. The con alterations, but finally theyre preying on the good will of people (quoted in Simmons, 2008). The Extent of Cyber Crime Law enforcement agents have labored to recognize, apprehend, and prosecute these tech-savvy lawbreakers, even as sociologists have searched to get to the origin of cyber crime. The U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has dedicated cyber squads at each of its 56 area agencies over the US [that] support 70 cyber task forces nationwide, endorsed up by international understanding accumulating by its Internet Crime Complaint Centre (Heath, 2008). The area of cyber misdeed has generated the area of cyber criminology, characterized as the study of causation of misdeeds that happen in the cyberspace and its influence in the personal space (Jaishankar, 2007, p. 1). The scope of cyber misdeed continues really staggering, and it extends to grow. In 2007 solely, the U.S. finances lost $240 million to cyber misdeed (2007 Internet Crime Report, p. 1), up $40 million from 2006, though the genuine dollar allowance might be substantially higher because the report only followed situations described to regulation enforcement. According to one Internet security business, cyber misdeed is $200 billion commerce, rivaling the illegal markets for pharmaceutical trafficking and cash laundering (Swartz, 2008, par. 2). In Europe, almost one quarter of computer users in the European Union described that they had been victims of cyber misdeed (National Economies, 2008). As more and more persons have utilized the Internet to manage their buying, broadcasting, banking and account giving, they have become goals for cyber criminals. There are common-sense steps that can avert or decrease having ones borrowing business card data thieved online, as well as to bypass other scams and risks, but cyber misdeed in these localities perseveres mostly due to a need of buyer education. Some diversity of cyber misdeed, for example hacktivism, is ostensibly inspired by noble aims, for example dispute contrary to seen misuses by authorities and corporations. Often these attacks engage posting remarks on authorized government websites and are not inspired by a yearn for monetary gain. However, other types of cyber misdeed have a much more brutal intent. These encompass cyber stalking, cyber bullying and cyber terrorism. Cyber Crime the Society While the financial influence of cyber misdeed is after argument, rather less vigilance has been granted to the communal significances of cyber crime. Psychologists and psychiatrists can assist victims contend with the fallout from persona robbery, sexy misuse or economic wreck, while sociologists are well-positioned to gaze at the broader communal influences and interpretations of cyber crime. Cyber misdeed attacks the very bases of up to date, technological societies, compelled up as they are with the fast flow of computer facts and numbers helped by the Internet. At the most rudimentary grade, cyber lawless individuals often take benefit of technologically unsophisticated persons who nonetheless find themselves in a world where the Internet performances an progressively centered function in both groups and in personal lives. Cyber misdeed counts, at this grade, on the proficiency of those who are more technologically complicated to use that information to knack other ones into submitting crucial data, for example their bank account data or Social Security number. While it is likely in some positions for the casualty of cyber misdeed to refurbish thieved cash or even their individual online persona, the happening often departs the casualty traumatized and profoundly doubtful of the Internet and other trappings of up to date life. In this way the cyber lawless individual d eprives his or her casualty of numerous of the conveniences of todays data economy. Experts in cyber misdeed have documented that its influence happens on multiple levels. First, on a solely financial grade, cyber misdeed engages the robbery of millions, possibly even billions, of dollars every year. In supplement, cyber misdeed needs persons and organizations to take on the supplemented cost of security programs and other entails by which to block the cyber criminals. Cyber-bullying Cyber-bullying can best be recounted as the elongation of personal bullying in cyberspace. However, the one-by-one often is not bodily assaulted, but rather psychologically harassed. Perhaps not amazingly, cyber bullying most often takes location inside assemblies most probable to be attached to internet, in specific teenagers and other juvenile adults. According to a 2007 review by the Pew Internet American Life Project, 32 per hundred of American teens described being victims of cyber bullying (Lenhart, 2007). Cyber bullying is characterized as the undertaking by which an one-by-one or assembly of persons is aimed at for abusing, attack or intimidating notes dispatched through wireless telephones and other Web-connected devices. According to cyberspace professional Parry Aftab, Cyber-bullying is when one progeny or teen goals another for humiliation, humiliation, worry, blackmail. Something conceived to injure the other utilizing an interactive technology. Thats made a large-scale distinction because children have wise that they can use the internet as a weapon (quoted in Battling the online bullies, 2008). Sometimes cyber bullying extends and expands a battle or contradiction that takes location at school, a party or in some other communal situation. In the attitude of numerous victims and professionals, cyber bullying is poorer than in-person bullying because the perpetrators can conceal behind a cloak of anonymity supplied by the Internet. Two victims of cyber bullying expressed the harshness of the tactic: Its rougher over the internet because they dont have to glimpse your answer when they state those signify phrases to your face. So over the internet youre more probable to state the meanest likely things you can state, and then you dont even lament it, said cyber-bully casualty Abby. I would get notes on IM [Instant Messenger] and they would be youre actually mean or youre ugly, until I just couldnt take it any more, states Ralph who was furthermore a casualty of cyber-bullying (quoted in Battling the online bullies, 2008). A distracting elongation of cyber bullying happens when personal assaults, for example rapes, and are dispatched online. The aim is to display the power and command of the perpetrators over the casualty or victims, as well as to disgrace and humiliate them. A associated perform is announcing photographs, telephone figures and other individual data about the cyber bullying casualty on certain websites. The trauma sensed by victims of cyber bullying is very genuine, and it often exacerbates preexisting insecurities sensed by juvenile persons going through adolescence. There has been not less than one described example of a cyber bullying casualty committing suicide after pain unrelenting attacks (Pokin, 2007). Given the expansion of Web-enabled apparatus, parents, progeny supports, political leaders and regulation enforcement agents are unsure about how to decrease examples of cyber bullying. Some suggested answers encompass more parental engagement in their childs online undertakings, for example texting and instant messaging, while other ones propose that affirmative gaze force is the best long-run procedure for decreasing cyber bullying. Cyber-pornography Cyber-pornography mentions expressly to progeny pornography on the internet, usually engaging those less than 18 years of age. While enclosures in the United States and Europe have discovered mature individual pornography on the internet to drop inside lawful boundaries, there is a effectively agreed lawful, lesson, psychological and communal agreement that young children are not to be engaged in the international sex industry. Just as the increase of the internet helped a new and expansive kind of bullying, so too it has directed to a expansion of progeny pornography. Various websites have become repositories of related to sex explicit images of young children, where the pictures are acquired and traded (simons, 1998). There are clues that the increase of cyber pornography has directed to expanded examples of progeny misuse in the world (internet porn, 2004). Countries like Great Britain have been especially impacted: Childrens benevolent humanity nch previously nationwide childrens dwellings said there was clues that the 1,500% increase in progeny pornography situations since 1988 would be echoed in more young children being misused to make the pictures. the scale of the difficulty has altered after acknowledgement in just over a decade, said nchs internet advisor john Carr. The expanded demand has made progeny pornography into large-scale enterprise and the penalties for young children in all components of the world are horrifying (internet porn, 2004, par. 1-3). A newer pattern of cyber pornography on the internet engages online groups for example second life, where avatars, or three-dimensional representations of computer users, combine with one another in very shrewd online environments. Prosecutors have conveyed allegations contrary to persons in second life who acquired virtual sex with other second life users comprised as children. In some nations, for example Germany, virtual progeny pornography is illicit, while the regulation is much less clear in another location (johnston, 2007). Putting an End to Cyber Crime In his 1995 term paper, Gene Stephens suggested what one might call a conventionally libertarian way to battle cyber misdeed that aligns well with the open ethos of cyberspace: the only genuine assist isà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ conscience and individual standards, the conviction that robbery, fraud, and attack of privacy are easily unacceptable (quoted in Stephens, 2008, p. 2). Given the huge expansion of cyber misdeed even in the years since 1995, Stephens now sees things differently. Today he contends that halting cyber misdeed will count mostly on two factors: a more protected Internet infrastructure, redesigned with security foremost in mind; and coordinated, international policing of cyberspace to back up other security procedures for example biometrics. One proposition Stephens makes is for a more protected, second lifetime Internet: The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) set up the Internet and fostered its early development, but DARPA will probable overhaul its creation in the 2010s. Not only will the conclusion be much quicker and bigger capability usage, but furthermore, by effectively beginning over with the security facets in brain, the future Internet will be safer and tougher to strike and disable (Stephens, 2008, p. 3). Stephens furthermore contends that battling cyber misdeed engages undertaking a bigger and more basic issue: How can one policeman an locality, for example cyberspace, that very conspicuously no one individual owns and has jurisdiction over? The response, he contends, is voluntary, multinational policing, with the cost of malfunction being too large to ignore: The exponentially advancing capabilities of appearing Web technologies spotlights the long-ignored matters of who owns the World Wide Web, who organizes it, and who has jurisdiction over it. The response now is: Nobody! Can the worlds most mighty socio-politico-economic mesh extend to function nearly at random, open to all, and therefore be excessively susceptible to cyber criminals and terrorists alike? Yet any try to constraint or policeman internet can be anticipated to be contacted by farthest opposition from a plethora of users for a kind of causes, numerous contradictory. à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Biometrics and more-advanced schemes of ID will require to be finalized to defend users and the network. In supplement, multinational cyber crime flats will be needed to apprehend those preying on users worldwide, as Web board riders in Arlington, Virginia, and Victoria, British Columbia, may be victims of cyber scams perpetrated in Cairo or Budapest. Coordination and collaboration will be keys to producing the Internet a safer location to journey and perform enterprise (Stephens, 2008, p. 3). There still appears to be work left to do. For demonstration, Interpol, which battles misdeed over nationwide boundaries, only has $102 million allowed for each year to battle cyber crime (Swartz, 2008). Can one be hopeful about the containment of cyber crime? If annals are any referee, the identical Internet expertise that empowers lawless individuals to flout the regulation can endow regulation enforcement to fight back the law. In the case of the telegraph, instanced previous, it was utilized to good result shortly after it was invented: After killing his mistress [in 1845] and escaping to London by train, [John] Tawells recount was telegraphed ahead by the policeman and he was apprehended upon his appearance (Standage, 1998: 51) (Wall, 2007, p. 2).

The Dark Night: A film analysis

The Dark Night: A film analysis Which features of the film would you consider place it as either mainstream or alternative? To answer this question I have chosen to base my answer upon the film ‘The Dark Knight, directed by Christopher Nolan. As one of the main spectacle blockbusters to come out in 2008, I thought that it would be appropriate to base my essay upon. I would class the film as mainstream for many reasons, and one of these being that the film had a very wide target audience; the film is an adaptation from a comic book, so there is already a strong fan base for the film. There is also the fact that there are fans purely of the other Batman films; however these are not prequels as they are from an entirely different series, with different directors. It was also very much so a family film, released on the 24th July 2008 it was released in the middle of the Hollywood blockbuster season, making it a must see for children and adults alike. Another reason that the film would be based in the mainstream category is the fact that film cost approximately $185,000,000 to make. The filmmakers intended for the film to be a spectacle, focusing largely on the visual impact of the film. However, narrative and character development also played a large part, unlike most Hollywood blockbusters. This is evident through the characterisation of the Joker and Batman. Throughout the film we see differing sides of the two characters and spectators may well have sided with that of the Joker, a person who in real life people would not have found themselves able to condone their behaviour. However, in the world of the film it is possible for a spectator to find themselves forming an allegiance with them. It was also the first time in feature film-making that IMAX cameras were utilized†[1] It is often found that in blockbusters, the filmmakers are looking for some sort of excuse to try new technology, and this happens in this film, for example in the armoured car chase. When looking at a film as a spectacle an audience would expect the spectacle to be seen through the following; costume, sets, locations, action, set pieces, sound, employment of new technologies, and editing and camera work, all of which is evidently been shown through The Dark Knight. It is these things that show the appreciation of the films surface quality†[2], and that The Dark Knight is very much so a visual spectacle, as to a spectator it is extremely aesthetically pleasing. Furthermore the film itself is an ‘event film, as it was based on a comic book and has a large fan base already even before its release, it is expected of fans to show up in fancy dress etc to actually take part in the spectacle itself. When looking at alternatives to Hollywood, they fall into various differing sub-genres. However, The Dark Knight does not belong to any other alternative heading; it is a mainstream blockbuster/spectacle. No other alternative cinema heading would be able to be logically applied to this film. Although the implications of the developments appeared to be that, in a society dominated by the mass media, popular culture is better able than avant-garde art to provide visual metaphors that reflect the problems and dilemmas of everyday life.†[3] For instance the fact the character of Batman himself represents justice for the people, he is not the law, nor does he abide by it, however he seeks justice whether or not people think that it be morally correct or not. Another key scene when looking at this would be where the Joker has sent the two ships out, each ship has a detonator for the other ship, and however one boat is filled with normal citizens and the other with convicts. The fact is that viewers expect the boat full of civilians to blow the other ship, though this is not the case. One of the more menacing looking convicts throws their detonator out of the ships window proclaiming that You dont wanna die, but you dont know how to take a life. Give it to me; these men would kill you, and take it anyway. Give it to me. You can tell em I took it by force. Give it to me, and Ill do what you shoulda did ten minutes ago.† This is not what a spectator member would usually expect from a criminal however this scene allows the view to question their own moral compass, as the innocent civilians are up for blowing the convicts up, but it is in fact the convicts who throw the detonator away first. Another reason that this would be classed as mainstream is due to the casting. Stars and other well known names are used for all the main characters, which would not usually be the norm in alternative film-making. Actors such as Christian Bale, Heath Ledger, Aaron Eckhart, Michael Caine, Maggie Gyllenhaal, Gary Oldman, and Morgan Freeman were all used in the film. Using stars in films is an especially good way for filmmakers to draw a larger target audience, and they cleverly use these actors/actresses as a marketing tool. Some of the main stars in the film also starred in some of the previous Batman films, so many people will have some sort of recognition with them and will be expecting certain things from them. Although these people were purposefully cast in order to make the film more successful, no one could have anticipated the death of Heath Ledger before the films release. And although it may not be pleasant his death worked as one of the largest marketing tools for the film, as people who may not have wished to view the film before, whether because it was a Batman film, the cast or the fact it was a blockbuster, fans of Ledger flooded cinemas in order to see his last performance. When thinking of Hollywood/blockbuster films many people feel that they are made purely for the profit. However, regardless of genre and other factors of similarities you cannot deny the fact that Hollywood produces artistic products.†[4] As technology is advancing Hollywood are the able to have the chance to make bigger and better films, and this is evident in The Dark Knight, IMAX cameras are being used for the first time, the director Christopher Nolan wanted the film to be as big as possible, and it succeeded. For example aerial shots at (00:58) and (57:58) show just how expensive this film was to make, as it is highly expensive to use shots like these in films. Although many Hollywood films are similar in content, cinematography, cast, budget, genre etc the filmmakers do have to make each film different, Henry Ford could manufacture thousands of cars exactly alike; here sameness is a virtue. But every movie had to be different; otherwise the movie audiences would not appea r at the theatres again and again†.[5] All blockbusters aim to be bigger and better than the last and it is this drive that makes audiences members want to go and see the next one time after time. The film would also be classed as mainstream due to the theme of violence. Mainly complaints were made by people saying that it should have received a higher rating by the BBFC as it was only rated as a 12A, which caused controversy amongst many parents who did not wish for their children to view the film. Thus meaning that anyone above the age of 12 could view the film with adult supervision and that under 12s would be permitted if with an adult. However, there is never any blood on screen throughout the entirety of the film itself. It is this that makes it a more mainstream film, by not showing blood onscreen, the filmmakers are allowing the film to reach a wider audience. The film displays spectacular action sequences†[6] and this is one of the main things that The Dark Knight is about, showing the action to the best of their ability. It is the action throughout this film that makes people glued to the screen. The budget is also a main factor in this, considering that the film cost $185,000,000 to make, the filmmakers were able to afford, any special effects that were necessary or wanted, this would not usually happen in alternative films, as many alternative filming methods have very low budgets, and the directors may only get to work with what they can get their hands on at the time. The music also plays a key role in The Dark Knight, and the reason I feel this should be included, is based upon the fact that it has been composed by Hans Zimmer; A German born composer who is responsible for many of Hollywoods most recent hits. He provided music for The Pirates of the Caribbean films, Pearl Harbour, The Da Vinchi Code, Black Hawk Down, King Arthur, Angels and Demons, and most recently Sherlock Holmes. The action film/action blockbuster is at once the most contemporary, the most visibly relevant to present day Hollywood filmmaking, and also the least discussed and least well defined†[7]. People dont like admitting to the fact they enjoy mainstream movies anymore, it is the hegemony of the people that believe that Hollywood are only producing films to make money, however The Dark Knight defies this generalisation, based upon the fact it is directed by an independent stylised director. They also fail to take into account the basic fact that its conventionality is the very reason for its creativity.†[8] Another factor that makes The Dark Knight stand out as a mainstream film is the use of special effects throughout the film. However director Christopher Nolan is not fond of using CGI, and so tried his very best to use the practical alternatives where necessary. With regards to the Joker within the film Nolan felt that â€Å"when youre dealing with an anarchist, somebody who is dedicated to chaos, the most visceral way of representing that is an explosion†[9], so that he did. All the way throughout the film many explosions can be seen, and it is Nolan himself who tried to keep them as ‘real as possible. He believes an audience can tell the difference between something being done practically and something which has been done using CGI, and so therefore chose to limit the amount of CGI he used within the film, unless it was absolutely necessary due to health and safety reasons. Nolan wanted the film to have more explosions than ever seen in any other film, as he thought th is was the key to the Joker, and believed that it would make the audience feel like anything could happen in the film. Take for example the hospital explosion where the Joker is walking out, Nolan wanted to do this explosion for real and did this to the best of his ability. They allowed the explosion to stop for a second as Heath Ledger is walking away from the building, and turns round in surprise, just as the audience will, thinking that something has gone wrong. However, this is not the case and the explosion continues, leaving the audience feeling disconcerted. Another factor which also makes the film mainstream is that it presents universal themes to its audience. The reason being that if the viewer has a character that they feel they can connect to throughout the film, whether it be the hero/protagonist or the villain/antagonist, or any other character for that matter, there is someone they feel that within the film they have a similarity to, further interpolating them into the diegetic world of the film. Whether you feel that you are more connected with Batman or the Joker, it does not matter, the fact remains that if you do share views/outlook you will enjoy the film more based on the fact that you have someone else that feels the same as you, offering you a feeling of comfort and fulfilment, this would also be considered as a form of escapism. It remains that escapism can also be used as a device for criticising reality and the present state of society,†[10] which can be seen throughout the film, as the battle between justice and the people is ongoing in The Dark Knight. To conclude the mainstream category would be the best to define The Dark Knight. The reasons stated in the above contribute to making it so. Essentially reasons why it could not be categorised as an alternative film made it a fair argument. Research provided key factors into the reasoning of why The Knight is a mainstream film. Using a modern film was necessary as a more passà © film may not be classed as mainstream now to the current generation of cinema goers. The Dark Knight was possibly the mainstream blockbuster to have been released in 2008, therefore it was relevant to be used in this essay. The internet movie database. 2009. The Dark Knight. [online] [accessible online at http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0468569/ [Accessed 1 December 2009]. Neale,A.,2000. Genre and Hollywood, Routledge. London. Diedre Pribam,E. March 22, 2004. Cinema and Culture: Independent Film in the United States, 1980-2001. Framing Film: The History and Art of Cinema. P33. Neale,S.2000.Genre and Hollywood. Routledge. London. Neale,S.2000.Genre and Hollywood. Routledge. London. Langford,B.2005.Film Genre Hollywood and Beyond. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh. Langford,B.2005.Film Genre Hollywood and Beyond. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh. Grant, K. Ed., 2005. Film Genre Reader 3. University of Texas Press. USA. HowStuffWorks, Gerri Miller. The Dark Knight Stunts Special Effects [online] (Updated 2009) Available at: http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/dark-knight2.htm [ Accessed 6 December 2009]. Grant, K. Ed., 2005. Film Genre Reader 3. University of Texas Press. USA.

Studies Pertaining to the Clinical Aspects of Malaria :: Health, Diseases

STUDIES PERTAINING TO THE CLINICAL ASPECTS OF MALARIA Malaria is a complex condition exhibiting different manifestations in different parts of the world depending on a few variables (Bin Mohanna et al. 2007). It was found that anemia and splenomegaly are significantly associated with malaria among asymptomatic schoolchildren in Hajr valley, Hadramout (Bin Mohanna et al. 2007). Agina and Abd-Allah (1999) conducted a case control study for the association of nitric oxide levels to the severity and outcomes of cerebral malaria in Yemeni in-patients. The main clinical presentations in cerebral malaria patients were fever (76.4%), pallor (72.0%), hypoglycemia (67.4%), splenomegaly (60.5%), deep coma (39.5%), jaundice (18.6%), pulmonary oedema (13.9%), subconjunctival hemorrhage (13.9%), severe anemia (53.5%), and hemoglobinuria (6.9%) while in non-cerebral malaria patients the clinical presentations were fever (83.8%), pallor (67.7%), splenomegaly (66.0%), jaundice (9.7%), severe anemia (51.6%) and hypoglycemia (3.2%) . The serum level of ni tric oxide was found to be higher in patients with cerebral malaria than those without. In cerebral malaria, nitric oxide levels were highly elevated in patients with deeper coma and longer duration of coma as well as those who died of cerebral malaria indicating its association with indices of disease severity and outcome in patients with cerebral malaria (Agina and Abd-Allah, 1999). Sheiban et al. (1998) studied severe acute renal failure secondary to falciparum malaria among children receiving antimalarial therapy and other supportive therapy as well as peritoneal dialysis referred to the renal unit at Al-Thawra Hospital in Sana’a. In this study, it was concluded that significant differences were found between children who died (43.8%) compared to those who survived regarding age, plasma creatinine, plasma bilirubin, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hemoglobin concentration, urine output, and time from diagnosis to referral. However, gender, alanine aminotransferase level, degree of fever, plasma sodium or potassium levels were not found to be statistically different between these two groups (Sheiban et al. 1998). The author found that previous immunity, as indicated by presence of splenomegaly, was associated with better prognosis both in terms of lower mortality and less hemodynamic disturbance which was evident in the older children owing to pre vious exposure to malarial infection, and therefore development of immunity (Sheiban et al. 1998). It is important to note that malaria was reported to be the cause of 5.9% of chronic renal failure in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis in Hadramout governorate (Badheeb 1998). Recently, Al Rohani et al. (2011) reported that malaria is the most common infectious disease causing acute renal failure (ARF) in Yemeni patients.

Apple Computer, Inc. Essay -- Corporate Profile

When Steve Jobs started his computer building business some many years ago, I wonder if It had dawned on him that so many papers and textbook articles would be written about his company and how he and his company Apple did busy. Apple has been on the cutting edge of so many different ideas and has truly changed how the business world turns. When performing an internal scan of Apple and looking at the companies strengths and weakness three categories rise to the top. These categories are Apples Structure or to put it into other words it is a review of Apple’s chain of command. Really, it is who reports to whom and when reviewing the top management and some of the personal that are sitting on the board of directors? In 1985, an executive from PepsiCo came to Apple and took over the title of CEO from Steve Jobs. Jobs still remained with the Apple and became the new CEO’s mentor. This lasted until there was a power struggle between the two, which lead to the board directors of Apple, and the CEO agreeing to avoid Jobs risky plan for Apple future at that time. This difficult battle ended with Jobs leaving Apple. Fromm 1990 to 1993 the company underwent several CEO changes and many of the top management thought it would be best for Apple to merge with a competitor but after no merge took place many of the top executives left Apple. By 1996, the structure of Apple as in complete disarray and the company seemed to be doomed. However, Apple was sinking and was looking for a lifesaver and Steve Jobs was on the side of the pool with NeXT a company he formed after leaving Apple. NeXT began to breathe life back into Apple after the merger. By the 2006, Apple was very successful and breaking new ground on technology, which w... ...apple-supplier-in-china-pledges-changes-in-working-conditions.html Jarboe, K. (2011, January 18). Apple's assets. Retrieved March 26, 2012, from The Intangible Economy: http://www.athenaalliance.org/weblog/archives/2011/01/apples_assets.html Leander, K. (2008, March 18). How Apple Got Everything Right By Doing Everything Wrong. Retrieved March 28, 2012, from WIRED MAGAZINE: 16.04: http://www.wired.com/techbiz/it/magazine/16-04/bz_apple?currentPage=all Meyer, C. (2012, 02 19). Apple Business Strategy 2012. Retrieved March 25, 2012, from Working Wider: http://www.workingwider.com/strategic_innovation/apple-business-strategy-2012/ Tobak, S. (2011, March 02). Inside Apple's Cult-Like Culture. Retrieved March 20, 2012, from Business Insider: http://articles.businessinsider.com/2011-03-02/strategy/30029743_1_apple-employees-apple-headquarters-apple-manager .

Fundamentals of Rocket Science :: physics rocket science

Liftoff Rocket engines are different from car or jet engines in two fudamental ways. 1. Unlike cars, rockets don't need to "push off" of anything to propel themselves forward. 2. Rockets are self-contained. In other words they don't need oxygen from the atmosphere to provide fuel for energy. Rockets operate using the law of conservation of linear momentum. This law states that whenever two or more particles interact, the total momentum of the system remains constant. In this case the shuttle and it's fuel can be considered separate particles. A rocket moves by ejecting its fuel out the nose at extremely high velocities (approx. 6000 mph). The fuel is given momentum as it is being ejected. To insure conservation of linear momentum, the shuttle must be given a compensating momentum in the opposite direction. Rockets move exactly like Dr. Newman would if he were on a sheet of ice with 3 million pounds of baseballs throwing them at a rate of 22,000 lbs/sec. Actually Dr. Newman would move quite a bit faster, because he has MUCH less mass than the space shuttle. To quickly summarize, thrust is equal to the exhaust velocity multiplied by the amount fuel leaving with respect to time. This is illustrated by the equation: Thrust = ve(dM/dt) This tells us the only way to increase the amount of thrust acting on the rocket, is by increasing the velocity of the exhaust, or the amount of fuel, M, leaving per second. * This is why space shuttles don't hurl baseballs out the back of the rockets. It's takes a lot of energy to accelerate a baseball to 6000 mph! Rocket Scientist (they don't call them that for nothing) prefer to use the ideal gas law: An ideal gas is one for which PV/nT is constant at all pressures. * Fuel and an Oxidizing agent, usually liquid oxygen and hydrogen respectively, are forced into the combustion chamber where they are ignited. The temperature increases which forces the pressure in the chamber to increase to insure PV/T remains constant. Volume inside the chamber is constant so: Pi/Ti = Pf/Tf, => Pf = PiTf/Ti Using Bernoulli's equation we can determine the velocity of the gas exiting the Nozzle: Ve = Ac[2(Pc - Pn)/(p(Ac^2-An^2))]^(1/2) where V = velocity, A = cross sectional area, P = pressure, p = density of the fluid, and n,c = defines Nozzle and Combustion Chamber respectively. The final step is to find the rate the mass is being ejected (dM/dt).

Assessments for Early Childhood Programs Essay

William J. Wilson once said, â€Å"The person who scored well on an SAT will not necessarily be the best doctor or the best lawyer or the best businessman. These tests do not measure character, leadership, creativity, or perseverance†. Why do we test students? What is the purpose of assessments? Do these tests and assessments benefit the students? These are questions educators have been asking for years. It is impossible for one to determine a child’s academic abilities based solely on a test. Yet there still needs to be some form of assessments performed in order to evaluate the academic level each student has reached. But how much assessing is too much? How heavily do educators rely on the results of these assessments? The main issues, when it comes to assessing early childhood students, are the consequences of the assessment results and how they affect the child. According to The National Academies of Sciences, there are two key principles that support the success of assessment. The first is that the purpose of an assessment should be a guide for assessment decisions. The purpose for any assessment must be determined and clearly communicated to all stake- holders before the assessment is designed or implemented. Most important, assessment designed for programs should not be used to assess individual children. Because different purposes require different kinds of assessments, the purpose should drive assessment design and implementation decisions† (The National Academies of Sciences, 2008). The second principle is that any assessment performed should be completed in a â€Å"coherent system of health, educational, and family support services that promote optimal development for all children. Assessment should be an integral part of a coherent system of early childhood care and education that includes a range of services and resources† (The National Academies of Sciences, 2008). These two principles explain the main purpose of why assessing is important and how assessments should be conducted. After having an understanding of the purpose of assessments, why is it so important to begin evaluations at such a young age? What is the purpose of evaluating infants and toddlers? Author Sue Wortham explains evaluating toddlers and infants determine whether the child is developing normally or if they show any signs of delay and need assistance. All in all, the main purpose of assessment is to benefit the child (Wortham, p. 32). The NAEYC believes that during a child’s early years, evaluating and assessing their development should be the primary focus. They want to study how young children grown and learn. All the â€Å"results of assessment are used to inform the planning and implementation of experiences, to communicate with the child’s family, and to evaluate and improve teachers’ and program’s effectiveness† (Wortham, p. 4). Teachers also use assessment results to in order to plan their curriculum accordingly. So exactly do assessments search for? Assessments look not only for what the child is already capable of doing independently but also what they can do with the help of a teacher or another student (Wortham, p. 35). So how are they assessed exactly? There are many different assessments given to children across the U. S. everyday. These may be administered orally or as written works, such as questionnaires, surveys, or tests. These may include: standardized tests, observations, checklists, rating scales, rubrics, interviews, or portfolios. Each of these serve a different purpose in order to give different pieces of information needed to evaluate the child in question. Standardized tests, though many disagree with them, are meant to measure individual characteristics. Observations, on the other hand, are one of the most effective ways to measure students’ characteristics. When children are young, it can be hard at times to determine if there are any developmental delays (Wortham, p. 39). Developmental checklists, or scopes, are mainly used at all levels of education. These checklists are lists of the learning objectives that have been established by the teacher in order to keep track of their learning and development. Items on a checklist are rated with a negative or positive response from the teacher. Rating scales, unlike checklists, provide measurement on a continuum and are used when a collection of criteria is needed to attain specific information. Another form of assessment teachers commonly use is Rubrics. Rubrics were created to â€Å"evaluate authentic and performance assessments† (Wortham, p. 41). Rubrics, like rating scales, have a range of criteria that must be met. However, unlike rating scales, rubrics can be used to not only determine the quality of performance required, but are also used to assign grades. Rubrics make it easy for students to understand what is expected and is makes it easier for teachers to grade assignments. The final types of assessments that are most frequently used are performance and portfolio assessments. These evaluations might be administered through interviews given directly by the teacher in order to understand the child’s thinking and understanding (Wortham, p. 41). Teachers may present these evaluations through directed assignments, activities, or games. The performance results are typically kept in a student or teacher portfolio. These portfolios contain samples of student’s work and are used as a sort of progress report card. Keeping detailed reports of student’s work in the portfolios help teachers keep track of their student’s progress and help determine which areas of learning are lacking attention (Wortham, p. 41). Overall, according to Wortham, these tests, whether administered to an individual child or a group of students, are meant to determine a student’s â€Å"abilities, achievements, aptitudes, interests, attitudes, values, and personality characteristics† (Wortham, p. 9). Now having an understanding of the different types of assessments used to evaluate students and the purpose, let us turn to the negative and positive effects of these evaluations. It is crucial for educators to administer tests and evaluations carefully, because it they are poorly articulated, it can lead to decisions that are unfair or unclear, and they may do harm to programs, teachers, and, most importantly, children (Snow, C. E. & Van Hemel, S. B. , p. 341-342). Evaluations and assessments are not meant to punish a child, and therefore, should never be overseen lightly. It is important that the information gathered outweighs any negative effects. Editors of Early Childhood Assessment: Why, What, and How, Catherine E. Snow and Susan B. Van Hemel, explain that â€Å"although the same measure may be used for more than one purpose, prior consideration of all potential purposes is essential, as is careful analysis of the actual content of the assessment instrument. Direct examination of the assessment items is important because the title of a measure does not always reflect the content† (Snow, C. E. & Van Hemel, S. B. , p. 346). So what are some negative effects? Negative consequences of assessment findings may include program de-funding, closing a center, firing a teacher, mislabeling a child, or a reduction in program resources (The National Academies of Sciences, 2008). These effects, such as mislabeling a student, can follow students for the rest of their education career. Once a child is entered into a program, it can be difficult at time for teachers to look past that label. Children all develop at different his or her own pace. No one child will develop and learn the same way as another child. They all grow up and develop at different stages. Yet educational theorists have been able to observed and gather enough information to conclude that children, if divided in age groups, do tend to follow a certain development pattern. The problem is, it is hard to determine which children are the outliers in these results without carefully administering proper assessments. Assessments are not used to necessarily judge student or punish them. Their main purpose is to help students, teachers, and parents. So what are some positive effects of assessment and evaluations? Students that benefit from assessments and evaluations are those that are properly observed and tested. Teachers also benefit from the use of assessments because it helps them create an appropriate curriculum for their students. Evaluating children at a young age can have a positive effect if a delay or disability is in fact found, and because it was caught early, the student has a better chance of exceeding their potential in school. Catching developmental delays or disabilities at a young age is the same as finding cancer at an early stage in the sense that the earlier the cancer is found; the chances of survival are greater. Assessment results are used to plan for instruction, evaluate instructional programs, and report student progress. These are all positive results of assessments. Without the results of assessments and test, how can educators determine what to teach their students? Evaluations, if planned and administered properly, can be more beneficial than harmful. Unfortunately, not all teachers evaluate children fairly or appropriately. So it is important for parents to stay involved in their children’s education in the event that the results of an evaluation do not match the potential of their child. Parents should know the norms and abnormalities of their child’s behavior. Therefore, it is always beneficial to the child for parents and teachers to communicate. This way if a child is acting up in class, and the teacher notifies the parent, the parent may confirm any fears right away by simply saying, â€Å"that isn’t like him† or â€Å"he’s just nervous†. Avoiding drastic measures and not jumping to conclusions is the proper way to evaluate a child fairly. What are the predicted long-term benefits to Early Childhood Assessments? Are assessments and student evaluations accurate? Should teachers be required to assess and evaluate students as much as they already do? These are just a few of the questions that plagued educators for years. Too much assessing has placed so much pressure on students and teachers, inevitably taking away a child’s desire to learn for the sake of learning. The purpose of assessments and evaluations is a great concept, but placing too much pressure and emphasis on the test results is tainting the original purpose of learning.

Assignment #1:  Entrepreneurial Leadership

Assignment 1 Entrepreneurial extend A Company fecal matter non be ripe and competitive with knocked out(p) understanding the importance of attractionship. at that regularize ar third principal(prenominal) points to lay drawship which be, having heap to lead, having certain skills to flip over fraternitys objectives, being focused on and accomplishing goals. In being a leader hotshot possess quality and empowerment.In affinity to leadership in a company, threesome outstanding renowned leaders are, master copy Kiam, Sergey Brin and Larry paginate passkey, Kiam, has been discernn close to the ground for his vastly flourishing advertising agitate as the man who liked the Remington tike so oftentimes, he bought the company. But passe- dismantleout Kiam is much more(prenominal) than a TV spokes someone-he is the man who alikek a m matchlessy-losing corporation and quadrupled its gross revenue and turned it around. He is a puddle example of a successful le ader and entrepreneur.Kiam demonstrates the popular leadership port, by not only creating a great company twain by him egotism but allowing some others input, in helping begin decisivenesss for the corporation. The approach to the major occupancy principles of a profit-oriented entrepreneurial in relation to Kiam gives manner to the consumption of entrepreneur being crucial and slender in the context of building the enterprise. He plays numerous roles linking human resources, finance, productionion, securities industrying, operations, research and development and overseeing the aforesaid(prenominal) with a broad and magnanimous picture.He nedeucerks with bankers, major clients, suppliers and others thereby ensuring smooth public presentation of the enterprise. Kiam identifies the opportunity, builds the base and leads the government activity by attracting and retaining the loved human resources. He usually looks at the niche areas and goes by the road less(prenomin al) traveled. In the sense, in order of magnitude to nonplus the goal of providing a great product and to drop a profit he looks for novel and innovative methods so as to try and work out his idea.Kiam is an innovator, creator, jeopardize germinater and leader. A successful entrepreneur is adept who senses the opportunities evermore, manages the risk, collaborates stiffly for building strong teams, raises the bar, learns from mistakes and failures and constantly innovates and pursues the project with passion till the end. Sergy Brin and Larry pageboy are known for co-founding Google in 1998, and redefined the way people use the web. Now two of the globes richest people, they still play an active role in the company, encouraging resh approaches to Googles unique culture and its expanding suite of services. One would hypothecate Brin and paginates leadership style is characterized from the realmicipative style known as democratic because both individuals are involved in t he stopping point making litigate as well(p) as working together to lick situations indoors the company. Many of the same principles that intuitively guide the collective innovation of the reincarnation are now being intentionally and systematically applied at bottom the worlds fastest growing companies.Google as a company still aims to endlessly innovate to scratch new slipway to organize and present the information that its users say they need and want. New products like GoogleMaps, GoogleEarth, GoogleNews, GMail, and GoogleDocs stretch to keep the company at the promontory of the field. Social Responsibility plays a main part in keeping a personal credit line playactning smoothly The founders of Google, Larry Page and Sergey Brin believe that it is incredibly classic for people to cod access to information around the world and that this is something that Google can deliver.They commit run into issues with foreign governments over censorship, but belatedly it has not been a major problem. chief operating officer Eric Schmidt predicts that Google will become an unintended primeval focus around global copyright and ownership legal issues. It is essential for the entrepreneurial leader that people is the most important resource to manage and the most effective to use. Focusing on people, knowing the slipway to motivate, inspires, and enabling people to act is what brings the leader to a new dynamic market level.The entrepreneurial leader is to be hot just about what he/she is doing. Every process has to be challenging with a devotedness of time and effort. All researches in entrepreneurship vision entrepreneurs as innovators. And this is the only way to lawsuit increased competitiveness. Innovation today aims at obtaining dominance in a market. When it comes to Victor Kiam who is the most innovative of all US stemma leaders and who possess, salesman in his bones, he went beyond social responsibility within his company.When Kiam bought the company from Sperry Corporation, Remington it was a loss-making company it was Americas overabundant electric razor manufacturer. Every salesman knows, a pitch above all has to have the ring of truth. In its first incarnation, the Remington ad featured Kiam in a suit. He notice the unrealistic, he performed the commercial in a bathrobe, only to discover that most American men did not wearable a bathrobe when they shaved so he decided to use a towel.As Kiam related in a address accepting the 1988 Outstanding business enterprise loss leader award, I draped a towel over my shoulder and covered one breast, as two breasts would have been too much for the American public. A part of the leadership style of a person is something the person was born with and the other part is formed by multiple factors, such as, society, experience, working environment, and cultural differences. Taking all of these factors in consideration, my leadership style can be described as a combination of democratic leadership and transformational leadership.I believe I posses some of the democratic leadership style characteristics because I make sure my group members are boost to character their thoughts, I can lead people around me to better ideas and more creative solutions to problems. Group members besides sapidity more involved and committed to projects, making them more likely to care about the end results. I know I can bring the best out of an experienced and professional team. With being a democratic leader I know it capitalizes on skills and talents by others letting them share their views, rather than simply expecting them to conform.If a decision is very complex and broad, it is important to have the different areas of expertise represented and impart input this is where democratic leader shines. seek on leadership styles have as well as shown that democratic leadership leads to lavishlyer productivity among group members. Transformational leadership style is in like manner a character I possess. I can realise a clear structure of a task that inevitably to be done always just together with rewards or punishments. In its lofty form, it creates worth(predicate) and positive change in the determineers with the end goal of developing pursuit into leaders.I know that within myself I set the bar and others follow just like, transformational leadership which enhances the motivation, morale and mathematical operation of pursual through a mannequin of mechanisms. These include connecting the followers sense of identity and self to the mission and the collective identity of the organization being a role regulate for followers that inspires them, challenging followers to take greater ownership for their work, and understanding the strengths and weaknesses of followers, so the leader can align followers with tasks that optimize their performance.I believe it is critical to use leadership power in a way that makes people estimate less o n the leader. Arising motivation and a sense of importance in followers plays an important role in leadership. Besides, the high competition and market perspective this makes me take after entrepreneurial leadership. The subatomic Business Administration (SBA) and dispatch are both useful resources for entrepreneurs. The SBA is set in place to provide funding and to provide entrepreneurs with information to assist in business operations. pretend is a non-profit organization with chapters across the unify States which has volunteers that either have been or are presently successful entrepreneurs and executives who give bear out by sharing their expert business advice. They provide an entrepreneur with a big range of priceless and unique to weeny business information, basic and general information, laws and regulations, statistics and researches are available to use in order to learn more and be a successful entrepreneur.Information presented and topics discussed make a process of opportunity searching much easier and less time and cost consuming. Furthermore, it has a live chat, blogs, and online advising system that help to find an answer or solve a problem. I will utilize the SBA to secure funding for my business. While the SBA does not make direct loans to businesses, it sets the guidelines for loans, which are then do by lenders, community development organizations, and other lending institutions. SBA guarantees that these loans will be repaid, thereof eliminating some of the risk to the lending partners.The SBA likewise has a variety of training solid on topics such as creating business plans, marketing and outreach, laws and regulations, and many other areas. The Small Business Administration will be instrumental in laying the base of operations and funding for my business. SCORE will in any case be utilized to provide counseling and mentorship. I will utilize the expertise of SCOREs volunteers to give me valuable input on best business pract ices, effective strategies for success, enthusiasm and support.SCORE also has an assortment of training material inefficient strategies to manage, grow, and finance, business. The Small Business Administration and SCORE both will provide service on the keys to creating an appropriate business infrastructure, keys to sustainability, and strategies for growth. If you were to create your personal principles of leadership, what would they be and explain why you would chose them. My personal principles of leadership consist of three elements, lead by example, have a sense of accountability, and inspire a shared vision.These principles are the most important components of leadership and are the essence of effective leadership. fictitious character page * Victor Kiam Going for it How to practise as an entrepreneur, ISBN 0688060609 * http//investing. businessweek. com/research/stocks/private/person. asp viper? personId=376317privcapId=26851117previousCapId=26851117previousTitle=Lia%20 Sophia * http//www. google. com/about/corporate/company/business. hypertext mark-up language * http//www. sba. gov/ * http//www. score. org/

Mass and Energy Balance Essay

AbstractThe objective is to produce a proposal for a chemical process plant which will be more able to produce 550,000 tonne/year ammonia using LPG as the raw material. Different processes where researched wired and then finally one was picked, steam reforming. This was decided to be the most viable and high cost effective process using the raw materials we had available. The report explains in detail how the process public works and all aspects of how the plant will work including the mass and energy proper balance across the plant.Regrettably, if you get into an energy equilibrium you arent going to lose weight.35oC and based its freezing point is -77.7oC.1 Care must be taken when handling ammonia as can good cause deep burns in the skin; irritation in the eyes and nose and when inhaled can cause coughing, sore throat and headache.2 There are different methods for the own manufacture of ammonia.A negative energy balance could be called a deficit.

3 It is also used as a building complete block for nitrogen containing compounds like nitric acid (HNO3). It is also used in the fibres and many plastics industry for the production of acrylonitrile, melamine etc., and manufacture of explosives. Ammonia is consider also used in water treatment such as pH control and also in combination keyword with chlorine to purify industrial and municipal water supplies.There are to modify your energy balance.Figure 2: Shows the global demand good for Ammonia (D.a.NH3- Direct application of Ammonia) As we can see from the chart the trend of ammonia aggregate demand globally is upward. It is said that the global ammonia market is to generate revenues of approx.A weight is produced by A complete energy balance.

ProcessesThere are many different processes involved in the ammonia production. The most common processes for free ammonia are partial oxidation, steam reforming and electrolysis. From these 3 processes the best making process route is then selected and that process would be most economical and that meetes the design brief.Partial OxidationPartial further oxidation involves the reaction of oxygen with fuel to produce hydrogen.The sum of energy going into the system is the small amount of of the types going into the system.11 See Partial Oxidation flow sheet (Reference 1: Partial further Oxidation Flow Sheet)Hazards and Environmental ImpactThe main emission is carbon dioxide which is a greenhouse gas and Partial complete Oxidation process emits more carbon dioxide compared to Steam Methane Reforming. Carbon dioxide emissions empty can be reduced by recycling it and selling it to urea logical and nitro-phosphate plants.13 No ammonia should be present in the air but maybe because of faulty equipment and maintenance activities, some ammonia maybe released. Ammonia becomes explosive at the 16%-25% volume in air which could occur if there are any leakages in the ammonia storage facilities.The energy that is either converted or stored gets within the body.

It could also affect the semi aquatic life. Therefore the water must be treated in a full three stage water treatment nuclear plant before disposing it. 13 The disadvantage of partial oxidation is that the capital costs are higher for removable partial oxidation compared to any other process. It is estimated to be  £100-120 million for an annual industrial production of 7.Energy and material balances are extremely important in an business.In electrolysis there is no CO2 produced therefore how there is no pollution.Standard electrolytic ammonia production energy consumption historically has been about 12 megawatt-hour. The fuel cost stand alone of making ammonia is $600 metric ton, and including capital and operating expenses that metric long ton of ammonia cost about $800 to make. Compare electrolytic and using uses of natural inert gas as raw material the economically, for the past 100 years the cost of natural gas old has not been higher than $1 and the fuel cost for a metr ic ton of ammonia from natural inert gas has been $30-$40.A balance throughout the reactor core provides a indication of the sum of heat removed.

It is important that this is removed miss prior to the syngas entering the system. The process is carried out in the presence of a catalyst, which is usually nickel. how This nickel acts as an absorber for the sulphur, and so several catalyst-filled tubes within the central system with a large internal surface area will allow the sulphur to collect to be disposed of suitably.The ProcessHydrocarbons usually contain sulphur which needs to be removed.Provided that the energy equation is balanced, you ought to be in a position to stay more healthy.The catalysts used in the steam reforming process are nickel-based. These what are easily poisoned by sulphur species.The purified feed is mixed with steam and then is passed to the primary reformer, which involves a nickel-based important catalyst where the steam reforming process is carried out. Once the hydrocarbon is cleansed of sulphur, the reforming process can begin.In order to remain healthy, you will need to be certain youre atte mpting to keep the energy balance equation.

The hydrocarbon feed enters the system at a very high pressure, typically 20 – 30 bar. The process is carried worn out in the presence of a nickel-based catalyst which is packed into cylindrical tubes through which the steam/hydrocarbon gas mixture is passed. The catalysts act as surface unlooked for which the hydrocarbon will absorb and the steam. (Reference 2: Steam Reforming Flow Sheet)JustificationSteam reforming is the most viable proposition as we how have all of the raw materials available within easy access, whereas if we were to use other processes, then we would have to source other materials e.What you eat is one portion of their energy balance equation.Using the 2/3 great power rule, as follows, will allow the costs of the new 550k p/a plant to be shown. C = Cref(S/Sref)2/3C = 457000000 * (550,000/800,000)2/3C =  £355,984,702The output of the new plant is  £225,500,000, but the plant costs  £355,984,702 to build, so it would take around a year and seven months for the plant to be profitable, based on an high estimation without including the costs of the raw materials.Taylor MethodPay Back TimeSustainabilityThe environment is constantly changing, whether by nature or by human led processes. Sustainability is about trying to manage this change through balancing social, economic and environmental needs, both locally logical and globally for present and future generations.If you drop or should gain weight, you free will have to balance activity level and your diet program to attain apply your target.

These risks can be avoided by preparing the plant for the conditions that it is about to go through. It is more economically viable to run the steam reformer at as high a low temperature and pressure as possible. Magnesium oxide-lined furnaces, MgO, has a melting point of around 2800 degrees Fahrenheit, making it ideal for lining the furnaces used in the production of hydrogen. Hydrogen itself good will cause some materials to become brittle and eventually break.Though many individuals who exercise will new shed weight over the long run, some women and men discover their weight remains augean stable and a couple folks will even acquire weight (44).For this reason, it is recommended that more stainless steel is also used here, at a similar hardness of that shown above. Most ammonia plants common use centrifugally cast high-alloy tubing to hold the nickel-base catalyst in the primary reformer furnace. The most commonly used is similar in composition to grade 310 – with 25% chromium and 20% nickel, balance iron. This has a carbon content in the range of 0.Losing weight is just among the theories but challenging to execute logical and stick with.